After discussing the topic of suffering for doing what is good, Peter gives an exhortation to elders. They are to be leading the flock in such circumstances of adversity. Peter can relate to their position for he is also an elder and has suffered for doing what is good. His future holds the glory promised to those who love God, which is also promised to these elders if they serve in the proper capacity (v. 4).

An elder is to “shepherd the flock of God” (v. 2). The KJV uses the word, “feed.” The term is used figuratively in order to convey their responsibility to nourish and tend the flock spiritually. For this reason an elder must know the scripture and be able to teach (cf. 1 Timothy 3:1-7). Their responsibility is only to the flock among them. There is autonomy in local congregations that must not be undermined. As an overseer, they are vigilant about the spiritual well-being of the sheep among them, ready to take action when necessary.

In order to fill the office effectively and appropriately, Peter mentions how they are to serve:

• “not by compulsion but willingly” – An elder must not serve because he is forced to do so. The position and responsibility must be desired (cf. 1 Timothy 3:1).
• “not for dishonest gain but eagerly” – An elder is worthy of monetary support (cf. 1 Timothy 5:17-18). However, this must not be his motivation to serve, but the concern for souls, and the work of the Lord.
• “nor as being lords over those entrusted to you, but being examples to the flock” – An elder is not to act oppressively with the authority he possesses. He is not a tyrant. Instead, he should be one to be followed as he acts according to God’s word.