In the previous verses (v. 4-7), Paul acknowledged Philemon’s proven character of love as a Christian. This set the foundation for Paul’s appeal to him. He could have easily, and appropriately commanded Philemon to do “what is fitting,” but he instead appealed for “love’s sake.” He would have yet another opportunity to act in a loving way toward a brother in Christ.

Also, in addition to “love’s sake,” Paul appealed to him as an elder man, and one who was currently imprisoned for the sake of the Lord. The requests and concerns of an “aged” and experienced Christian should be seriously considered. One who has labored continuously for the Lord, even to the point of experiencing extreme opposition, is worthy to be heard.

His appeal concerned a man named Onesimus. He was the slave of Philemon (v. 16). He ran away from Philemon, and as such was unprofitable to him (v. 11). It is evident that, in his absence, Onesimus could have caused Philemon to experience a form of loss, or hardship (v. 18). Yet, although his decision to flee was irresponsible and wrong, when he had done so he met Paul, who in turn converted him to Christ. For this reason, Onesimus was now profitable to both men. Now a Christian, the relationship between Philemon and Onesimus had changed, and Paul wished for Philemon to act accordingly in the current predicament.

The relationship which Christians share reaches far beyond secular circumstances. Onesimus may have been Philemon’s slave, but he was also his brother in Christ, which is much more important.